Fouling airborne shooter when ball is dead... ?

[PSidbury]

Per 4-19-1: A personal foul also includes contact by or on an airborne shooter when the ball is dead.

So, if the airborne shooter is considered to be in the act of shooting and has released (or tapped) the ball for a try but has not returned to the floor, could someone please give me an example of a foul occuring on an airborne shooter when the ball is dead ?

Another foul elsewhere ?
But, if the ball is dead then why and how do points count if the airborne shooter's try goes in the goal ?
That seems to conflict with the pedestrian definition of "dead".

I feel the answer is going to be a "Duh... of course" or "I'll know it when I see it" type answer, but right now it is eluding me.

Thanks,
Paul