Confusion over when A2 can recover throw-in in back court

[UNIgiantslayers]

An easy way to think about this is to consider possession and control. In situation one, he is considered in the front court until he lands in the back court. Therefore, he technically controlled and possessed the ball in the front court even though he landed in the back court (and may have been in the air in the backcourt when he actually caught the ball).

In situation 2, no team controlled the ball in the front court due to the tipped ball so no possession i.e. no backcourt violation. You must have possession in the front court in order for a backcourt violation to come into play.