Avoiding an obstructing defender

[CecilOne]

Originally Posted by JefferMC

I know that in most (if not all) rule sets, it is clearly spelled out in the rules that the onus is on the offense to avoid contact when the defender has the ball.

In spite of the fact that most coaches don't believe this, isn't the "onus" of collision avoidance on the offense even if the defender does not have the ball?
Ignoring the malicious aspect and whether it is OBS or INT for now, let's say:
- the runner is going to 1st and there is no play, but the fielder is on the base (yes, Mike, poor coaching)
- the runner is coming home and the pitcher is trying to cover after a passed ball which is not retrieved in time
- there is an overthrow at 3rd, with F6 cutting across the base while F5
retrieves
- a runner forced at 2nd by 2-3 steps continues toward the base while F4 is throwing

My interests are NCAA, NFHS, ASA, USSSA, PONY for FP if others are different