If you're not administering the free throw...

[footlocker]

I agree with all that's been said.

However, in situation (c) you mentioned that "it's only a big deal if the free throw is made - if it's missed, no call." This is not right. Only call the lane violation on the shooter if it is obvious. You'll know. Then, hit it right away. It's automatically no point and second throw or other team's ball if it was the second throw. Why should they get a shot at an offensive board when the shooter violated?

Call it.