Are you saying a pass is different than a free kick when it comes to touching and catching it?

What made the player "out of bounds when he caught the ball"?

I think Mike's point is - how can an official who can not see the ball rule on whether the ball was possessed before the player touched out of bounds?

Because catching the ball was irrelevant.
The question was was the ball out of bounds? The official only needed to see the receiving team touch the ball and judge if he was in bounds or out of bounds. His ruling was out of bounds and it was confirmed by replay.

I think you need to review the play and listen to the explanation given by Gary Danielson who relayed information supplied to him by an official in the press box. That was pretty clear.

And so that official has x-ray vision which allowed him to see through the returner's back to see when he touched the ball?

There does not seem to be much left to debate.
You simply do not acknowledge what the officials on the field ruled nor accept that the replay official agreed with their ruling.