You could also have a flagrant or intentional foul if the shooter lands and then gets run over while the shot is still in the air.

Technically, you could also have a common foul (and even a bonus ft situation).

Not according to NFHS standards.

Of course, I am referring to a foul "on the shot"...not an undercut after the release.

After the release can still be "on the shot" or more accurately "in the act of shooting".
5-6-2 exception 3

3. If a foul occurs so near the expiration of time that the timer cannot get the clock stopped before time expires or after time expires, but while the ball is in flight during a try or tap for field goal. The quarter or extra period ends when the free throw(s) and all related activity have been completed. No penalty or part of a penalty carries over from one quarter or extra period to the next, except when a correctable error, as in 2-10, is rectified. No free throw(s) shall be attempted after time has expired for the fourth quarter or any extra period, unless the point(s) would affect the outcome of the game.

Except you can have a foul if the sequence is:

Shot is released before the horn
Horn
Airborne shooter is

There's no rule basis or interpretation that should add time back on the clock.

See 5.6.2G (last year's book) for an example of the play we are discussing where time is NOT put back on the clock.

This year's book also.

5.6.2 SITUATION G:

The score is tied when A1 is fouled in the act of shooting and the try is unsuccessful. Playing time for the fourth quarter expires while the ball is in flight. No players are allowed along the lane. A1's first free-throw attempt is *successful. Immediately following the made free throw the occupants of the Team A bench rush onto the court and a mini celebration takes place.

RULING: The *second free throw is not required. No penalty unless the celebration or any act is unsporting and a foul is charged to Team A before the final score has been approved. (5-6-2 Exception 3)

Here is the scenario as posed on our exam study guide this year. Let me clear up any confusion earlier. I don't think I made it clear when the horn sounded in relation to the whistle.......

"If time runs out and the horn sounds immediately after the official blows his/her whistle to indicate a shooting foul, the free throw shooter shall attempt the resulting free throws with no time remaining on the game clock and no players occupying the lane spaces. (FALSE)"

In this case, we have been instructed to put time back on the clock (.3 is typically suggested)

There are conflicting cases/rules on this topic and it has been debated before. One case says that the clock should not be corrected and that the FTs would be shot with no one on the lane.

In other places, it says that if the officials sees a specific time on the clock when the whistle is blown and the clock continues to run after that the official should restore the time (no guessing, the official must know the time that should be there).

There used to be a rule that said the clock was properly stopped if it didn't run more than 1 second after the whistle. That rule was changed a few years ago to remove that buffer. The clock is expected to stop when the whistle blows and any overrun is to be corrected.

That case that says to let the time stay as it was when it runs a small amount after the whistle predates the point where the rule on lag time was changed.

I believe that the case play was not updated to reflect the current timing rules and I will put time back on the clock IF I know how much time should be there. If the foul/whistle occurred just as it was turning from 0:00.1 to 0:00.0 then I'm not putting anything back.

That case play is 5.2.5.C, and IMO, it contradicts refiator's exam answer.

Only way I am putting any time back on the clock is if I know 100% for a fact and if I actually saw the clock at the time of the whistle.