Remember, the team in possession at the end of the down had to get the ball "with clean hands". This means that their foul did not happen before the (final) change of possession. If it did happen before they got their mits on the ball, they have no right to keep it as their fould may have helped them get the ball (dirty hands). It's similiar to the philosophy of A having a right to the yardage gained without the aid of a foul when enforcing all but one penalties (fouls by A behind the basic spot). "We'll let you keep possession since you didn't foul prior to getting it, but we'll penalize you before you can set up 1st and 10."
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