Some good mechanics stated.
I will add that as R I give the prelim signal as soon as the flagging official tells me what he has. then we start sorting it out.
When giving choices to captain I always start with the same phrase: "If you decline the penalty..."
A good terminal official will see the prelim signal, and if he knows the enforcements like he is supposed to he can be very helpful if the coach is close by in telling him what's up. eg. "coach, looks like an illegal forward pass, that's going to be a loss of down and 5 yards from the spot..." etc.
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