You've got it right.
We have a legal forward pass per 7-5-2, so the foul occurs during a loose ball play. That means that the basic spot is the previous spot under all but one.
In (a) the foul occurs behind the basic spot, so the penalty will be enforced from the spot of the foul under all but one. In (b) the foul occurs beyond the basic spot, so the penalty will be enforced from the basic spot.
The penalty is, as you've stated, 5 yards plus loss of down. In (b) you also have an ineligible downfield, but the flag should be for illegal touching, which carries a loss of down penalty.
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Cheers,
mb
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