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PENALTY ENFORCEMENT
NFHS:
The all-but-one principle applies. All fouls are penalized from the basic spot, except a foul by the offense behind the spot. Loose-ball plays include the snap, kicks, legal passes or fumbles in or behind the neutral zone and includes the run(s) which precede such legal or illegal kick, legal forward pass, backward pass or fumble. The basic spot for loose-ball plays is the previous spot. The basic spot for running plays is the end of the run.
Only roughing the passer, snapper, or kicker /holder plus defensive pass interference include an automatic first down.
The following fouls have special enforcement provisions and options for the offended team: free kick out-of-bounds; kick-catching interference); unfair acts; roughing the passer; and fouls on scoring plays.
When unsportsmanlike or dead-ball personal fouls by both teams are reported to the referee, they are enforced in the order of their occurrence. If the order cannot be determined, the fouls cancel.
Live-ball fouls on touchdown or successful field goal plays may be enforced on the try or succeeding kickoff provided they occur after any change of possession. Live-ball fouls enforced as dead-ball fouls and dead-ball fouls must be enforced on the try.
NCAA:
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