NCAA:
Unless I'm not seeing everything.
1. Result will be A 4th and 16 at A-44. Clock will start on the snap.
1. With the added twist: B's ball 1st and 10 at the A-44.
2. If the penalty is declined it will be A's ball 1st and 10 at the A-20 and the clock will start on the snap. If the penalty is accepted it will be A's ball 1st and 10 at the A-21 and the clock will start on the snap. B will likely decline the penalty.
Now tell me what I overlooked so I can make the corrections