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Just simply, it's the judgment of the official that makes him/her great. That official will be able to judge in that given situation what "too much" is.
For instance, if after you talked to the player he still puts his foot over the line (for argument's sake, even less than before) you may wish to call a violation now because he's disregarded your advice. If the coach goes off, then you have the wildcard in your back pocket to say that you'd already warned before and already gave your team a break. Now here's where your judgment comes in...you may NOT wish to call a violation in that exact same situation because it's an even less obvious infraction from before.
In essence, there's no magic point obviously which dictates that the player violated. By definition, obviously he violated the moment his foot went over the line while dribbling the ball. You need to simply exercise your discretion on possible minute violations. Does that extra 1-3" really create that much of an advantage when shooting a free throw from fifteen FEET away? Essentially, it could be the difference between a made basket and a clang off the rim, but if I'm the only one in the gym that saw that, then it's going to stay that way.
Everyone isn't an NCAA/NBA offical who has years of experience to draw from, but if you'd like to get to that level you have to start demonstrating the appropriate discipline given the particulars of the game at that time. Unless it's egregious, you're not seeing one of those refs make this call.
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