The text of the 2017,18 POE on Late Game Intentional Fouls seems to provide an ample answer to your inquiry:
"The committee is concerned about the lack of enforcement for intentional fouls during any part of the game but especially at the end of a game. The intentional foul rule has evolved into misapplication and personal interpretations.
An intentional foul is a personal or technical foul that may or may not be premeditated and is not based solely on the severity of the act, it is contact that: Neutralizes an opponent’s obvious advantageous position. Contact on an opponent who is clearly not in the play. May be excessive contact. Contact that is not necessarily premeditated or based solely on the severity of the act.
This type of foul may be strategic to stop the clock or create a situation that may be tactically done for the team taking action. This foul may be innocent in severity, but without any playing of the ball, it becomes an intentional act such as a player wrapping their arms around an opponent.
The act may be excessive in its intensity and force of the action. These actions are all intentional fouls and are to be called as such.
Officials must be aware of the game situations as the probability of fouling late in the game is an accepted coaching strategy and is utilized by many coaches in some form.
Officials must have the courage to enforce the intentional foul rule properly."
Here's a PowerPoint lesson used back then to create a working awareness of this POE:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1t3...iN42-ocBPjDWkw