I don't know the precise distance but I'm guessing that, if it is possible at 5, that is about as far as it would be possible. But I think 5 is probably stretching it for most players unless the shot is really flat.

I'll agree that the OP wasn't real grammatically clear, but it's not that difficult to parse:

1. Kid shoots a shot.

2. While the ball is in the air, the horn sounds to end the 2nd quarter.

3. Before the shooter returns to the floor the defender commits an intentional foul against the shooter.

There is no mention of whether the try was successful, and in fact whether or not it was successful is irrelevant for the purposes of the question asked, which was how to administer the throw in to start the 3rd quarter.

A big takeaway from this also is that the horn doesn't make the ball dead. Knowing when a ball is defined as live versus dead solves a lot of issues during games.

Good point.

As a note, remember the shooter still gets two free throws even if the shot went in. Saw this mucked up during scrims.

There is one case where it matters whether the shot went in, but the OP does not indicate this is it.