Did this last night, but forgot to click the "Submit Reply" button...
I believe these to be the relevant Rule Book references:
Situation 1:
Rule: 2-2-1
A ball striking the ceiling or an overhead obstruction above a playable area shall remain in play provided the ball contacts the ceiling or obstruction on the side of the net extended that is occupied by the team that last played the ball, and the ball is legally played next by the same team.
Rule: 9-3-3c
A live ball becomes dead when:
The ball contacts the ceiling or an overhead obstruction and is not legally played next by the offending team;
Rule: 9-4-3 (possibly relevant to describe which team's touch counts)
A team shall not have more than three hits before the ball crosses the net into the opponent's playing area or is touched by the opponent. When the team's first contact is simultaneous contact by opponents, or an action to block, the next contact is considered the team's first hit.
Case Book 9.4.3 SITUATION C: (possibly relevant to describe which team's touch counts)
Two opposing players simultaneusly contact (joust) the ball as it breaks the plane of the net following the third hit by Team S.
RULING: Four-hits by Team S.
COMMENT: Because Team S used all three hits, Team R must be allowed to touch the ball before Team S.
Situation 2:
Rule 9-5-1b . . . Definitions
Attack — Any action other than a block or a serve that directs the ball toward the opponent's court. A team's third hit is always considered an attack. A completed attack occurs the instant the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net, or is legally contacted.
1. Spike — an attack play in which the ball is forcibly hit into the opponent's court with a one-hand overhead motion.
2. Tip — a fingertip attack on the ball which directs the ball into the opponent's court.
3. Dump — a fingertip attack most commonly used by a setter on the second hit to direct the ball into the opponent's court.
4. Overhead pass — two-hand finger action directing the ball over the net.
Rule 9-5-4
A back-row player (on or in front of the attack line), cannot contact the ball completely above the height of the net and complete an attack.
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