It is the umpire's judgement on whether a defensive player is an infielder or an outfielder. The positioning is especially important in Co-ed slow pitch where the rules state the number and gender of infielders and outfielders.
The ASA rule book (Rule 1) defines infielder as a fielder that defends the area of the fielder near first base, second base, third base, or shortstop. An outfielder is a fielder that plays where the left fielder, left-center fielder, right-center fielder, and right fielders normally play.
That definition leaves it to the umpire to determine who is an infielder and who is an outfielder. If you have a shortstop playing so deep that you would consider him an outfielder, than he is an outfielder for purposes of the infield fly rule.
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