NFHS or NCAA rules?
Joe, need to clarify which rules your using in your association NFHS or NCAA.
If NFHS, then....
* If B (A is usually offense, B is defense) lineman crosses the plane into the neutral zone, whistle, flag, kill the play. The ball is dead. He can't "get back" if he breaks the plane. If he doesn't break the plane, no call.
* 2 offensive players in motion. Were they in motion or was it a shift? Different problems, different solutions.
* 12 men on the field. If you know for sure that you've got 12 men, whistle & flag before the snap. This is preferred if you're sure because it a 5yd foul (substitution infraction) vs. a 15yd (illegal participation) foul after the snap. If you're not sure, and your partner isn't sure, officiate, then try to count them again after the play. Not optimal, but don't miss the play.
* Six men on the A line. Live ball foul. Flag, officiate, then blow whistle, kill clock, report to your R.
Also, when you work the chains at the playoffs, be sure to ask the officials working the game about specfic plays. They can clarify their calls and you'll find that discussing plays with knowlegeable officials is one of the best learning experiences.
And you're right, get the rule book out and study because that combined with experience makes you a better official. We're all still learning, and you can never bury your nose in the book enough.
Good luck!!
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