In your example D above, Greymule, the runner gets home (2 bases from his TOT). The exception of TOP would not apply since no infraction occurred, whether R1 thought there was or not.
IN my situation, the defense and their fans were all yelling for the ball to be thrown to 1B for appeal while everyone associated with the offense---fans, players, coaches---were yelling at R1 to return. The Cleveland City Coucil had already sent an email to R1 telling him to atttempt return. Nimrod R1 was at 2B at TOT and made no attempt whatsoever to return to 1B. IMO, at that point 1B was the obvious base of origin for the appeal, and I awarded 3B.
The defensive coach came out to discuss the award. While I explained to the coach that I needed to make the award for the errant throw, he kept saying "That's not right, Steve......that's just not right." He never once mentioned appeal or that the runner left without retouching (something that was highly obvious during the play). I discussed the play with him between games as he was also playing the following game (loser's bracket). BTW, he lost by one run..........and yes, that runner scored.
And while you've been thinking of plays associated with this thread, what do you do here:
Batter hits a double, misses 1B en route, but is injured sliding into 2B. Time is called.
Game resumes with F1 on the rubber making appeal play to 1B in which his throw to 1B goes errant, rolling down the 1B line.
Is R1 allowed to return to correct his error, now that he knows he missed the base and he likely got caught with his hands in the cookie jar?
Freix