The interpretation of ASA is what you called; runner is safe. Catching a bad throw off the white bag does not meet the intent nor the rule.
If an errant throw takes the F3 into foul territory, and off the white bag, then F3 can RETURN to the orange bag (not required to cross it to tag the white). But, it is not "one big bag" for a bad throw on a play on a batter-runner, it is a safety bag AFTER the ball is coming from foul ground.
Since NFHS makes the double base optional, our Georgia interpretation for high school is to call the same as ASA, if a double base is used.
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Steve
ASA/ISF/NCAA/NFHS/PGF
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