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Defense must occupy bottom two spaces or it is a violation on the defense. Others may argue over whether or not the official should have done some preventive officiating (I believe that officials should), but once they have not done so, the violation exists and must be enforced.
8-1-3a
Each of the lane spaces adjacent to the end line shall be occupied by one opponent of the free thrower unless the resuming of play procedure is in effect.
9-1 A player shall not violate the following provisions governing free throws:
ART. 2 . . . An opponent of the free thrower shall occupy each lane space adjacent to the end line during the try, unless the resuming of play procedure is in effect and no teammate of the free thrower may occupy either of these lane spaces.
2. If the violation is by the free-thrower's opponent only:
a. If the try is successful, the goal counts and the violation is disregarded.
b. If the try is not successful, the ball becomes dead when the free throw ends, and a substitute throw shall be attempted by the same free thrower under conditions the same as for the free throw for which it is substituted.
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