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This is a correctable error IF:
it is recognized by an official during the first dead ball after the clock has properly started. Rule 2-10 (Art 1,2)
In your situation, when Team A inbounds the ball on the throw-in, the clock starts. Then, something may happen to make the ball dead (violation, foul, scored hoop). This is the first dead ball after the clock has properly started. During THIS dead ball, the mistake has to be recognized in order for it to be corrected. If it is, the A player may take his one and one. Points scored, time consumed and additional activity are not nullified (failure to award merited free throw). If the ball has changed posession during the first live ball situation, the lane is cleared for the foul shot(s), then the ball is administered as a throw-in at the point of interruption. If there has been no change of team posession (Team A had ball the whole time), then line them up and play off the foul shot(s), as usual. If the mistake is not noticed, and the clock starts, then it is too late to make a correction.
The way you describe your play, the mistake was noticed "a couple minutes later." I would guess that it was probably too late. If so, Team A missed out. As fouls accumulate, ask the table, "How many team fouls does B have?" That way, YOU decide of it is the bonus, according to the answer.
Sometimes counting on the table (kids?) to know that seven means "bonus" is not reliable. They may tell you "bouns" when there are only six fouls, for example.
Casebook 2.10 gives many examples of correctable errors.
Simple, eh?
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