A player's location on the court, when airborne, is determined by the point of departure. If this player jumped from the backcourt and caught the ball in the air, it's a violation at any level.
As for your second question, it is legal to be the first to touch the ball, as long as you established position in bounds before touching the ball. This is done by having something touching in bounds and nothing touching out of bounds (one foot down, for example, in bounds, while the other foot is in the air).
That said, occasionally you will get an official that calls this a violation. If that happens, play on.
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