No violation. This is legal, even in NFHS and NCAA. It used to be a violation, for the reasons you stated. If you jump from the frontcourt, then when you catch the ball, it has frontcourt status. Then when you land in the backcourt, the ball obviously has backcourt status.
However, a few years ago, NCAA and FED added an explicit exception to the backcourt rule for this situation, saying that a player should be allowed a normal landing after catching the ball while airborne. (They also added similar exceptions for defensive steals in a team's own frontcourt, and for a player securing the ball during a jump ball.) The NBA added the same exception when they changed the throw-in/backcourt rules a few years after the NCAA.
Here are the relevant NBA rules.
Quote:
Rule 10 Section X - Ball in Backcourt
a. A player shall not be the first to touch a ball which he or a teammate caused to go from frontcourt to backcourt while his team was in control of the ball. EXCEPTION: Rule 8-Section III-e (EXCEPTION).
Rule 8, Section III
e. Any ball out-of-bounds in a team's frontcourt or at the midcourt line cannot be passed into the backcourt. On all backcourt and midcourt violations, the ball shall be awarded to the opposing team at the midcourt line, and must be passed into the frontcourt.
EXCEPTION: During the last two minutes of the fourth period and/or any overtime period, the ball may be passed anywhere (frontcourt or backcourt) on the court.
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