Speaking ASA...
The rule is ASA 1-FOUL TIP.
To be a foul tip, a batted ball must meet three criteria:
1) It must go directly from the bat to the catcher's hands or glove, and
2) It must not go higher than the batter's head, and
3) It must be legally caught by the catcher.
Note that it must meet all three criteria. Many times people put more emphasis on the "higher than the batter's head" than it deserves... it the batted ball does not meet the other two criteria, it is not a foul tip, even if it goes no higher than the batter's head. The criteria most often missed by fans and coaches is number 1), above. If the catcher took a step, or lunged, or otherwise made an active play on the ball, then the ball did not go directly from the bat to her glove.
If it does not meet all three criteria, it is not a foul tip.
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