The rule reference for the NBA is VIII-2-b: "Any ball that rebounds or passes directly behind the backboard, in either direction, from any point is considered out-of-bounds."
Notice that "directly" is included in the rule. There is no case in my copy of the NBA case book (although my copy is an old one). The key is that the ball must directly over the backboard. They're not going to split hairs. The rule is there for 2 reasons: to prevent rebounding action behind the backboard and to prevent the old University of Kansas "inbound it to Wilt" play.
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Any NCAA rules and interpretations in this post are relevant for men's games only!
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