Tjlref, you make a good point here.
I think the answer can be determined by figuring out if a fumble, although the ball ends up inbounds, is indeed "legal." According to Rule 2 Art. 2, it specifically states the ball must be passed in. There is no footnote about a fumble that ends up inbounds is OK. So, the most likely way to be backed up by the Rule Book would be to say that all fumbles on throw-ins are violations (after the thrower-in has secured the ball and the referee has begun the 5 second count).
Generally, if the player muffs the ball when receiving it from the ref directly, or on the bounce, it will be readministered with no penalty.
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