NFHS rules mandate that 2 defensive players occupy the lane-spaces nearest the basket and that the two lane-spaces nearest the shooter remain vacant. Other than that anyone may take any spot that is not occupied by the team entitled to it by alternation.
Of course, the teams must still comply with the maximums of 4 defensive players and 2 offensive players along the lane.
NCAA Women: The spots are designated and cannot be filled by the opponent if left unoccupied.
NCAA Men: I'm not sure, but I believe that the same movement as NFHS is allowed.
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