[Jim Porter]

I have two thoughts on this.

1. No umpire wants his ruling overturned. So, if a protest committee has decided that a judgment call with following continuous action cannot be changed, I doubt any umpires will be changing their judgment calls when there's continuous action following. Know what I mean?

2. Upheld protests have invariably made it into the rulebook or official materials, whether it be as a rules change, clarification, casebook comment, interpretation, or case play. Upheld protests certainly do set precedents.

Regarding the Klem call, there have been precedents, changes, and clarifications since the 1934 protest. Therefore, it means little to us today, except as a peek at the history of the evolution of today's infield fly rule.