You have a foul by the defense during a run which ended when the ball came loose. So the enforcement is half the distance from B's 3 yard line, and the change of possession is nullified.
To be a foul, though, the player whose helmet comes off has to materially affect subsequent play, which is a condition of "participation". Theoretically any time during that interval where that player affects play could be another "instance" of IP, but it's hard to imagine calling it at any other time would benefit the non-offending team more. Play could be affected by such things as other players pulling up instead of hitting him, or there could be more overt actions, but I could imagine situations in which that player didn't affect play at all, so you'd have to see it.
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