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Instant replay starts with the underlying assumption the ruling on the field is CORRECT.
After a replay, the referee will announce one of three results:
"Confirmed" means that the video evidence shows conclusively that the ruling on the field was correct.
"Reversed" or "Overturned" means that the video shows conclusively that the ruling on the field was incorrect.
"Stands" means that there was not enough video evidence to prove that the call was correct OR to prove that the call was incorrect, and therefore the ruling on the field will remain as it was called on the field.
I don't know when these plays occurred, but the video was posted in December 2016, so they were in the 2016 season or before. There was a change to the targeting rule in the 2016 season that required an "indicator of targeting" to be present for a targeting foul to be called.
Indicators of targeting are:
Launch - player leaving his feet to attack an opponent
Crouch followed by upward thrust (even if the players feet remain on the ground)
Leading with helmet, forearm, fist, hand, or elbow to attack the head/neck area.
Lowering the head before attacking with the crown of the helmet.
When in question, it IS a foul.
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