obstruction
 

What is the call when a trailing runner passes an obstructed runner

Out.

Then, at the end of play, the umpire must determine where the runners would have gotten to absent the OBS... this could include the passing runner if they passed BECAUSE OF the OBS.

Question #8 on the ASA test:

8. A runner who passes an obstructed preceding runner shall be declared out immediately.
a.) True
b.) False

It depends on the code. NFHS has a stipulation that you do not call the runner out. In ASA those that posted are correct call the runner out then at the end of the play award the runners (including the runner that was prevously out) the bases they would have reached had there been no obstruction. Those that wonder about that woudl that runner have passed the obstructed runner if they were not obstructed?

True

NFHS:

Rule 8 Section 6 The Runner is out

Art. 4
The runner physically passes a preceding runner before that runner is put out.If this was the third out of an inning, any runs scoring prior to the out for passing a preceding runner would count. A runner(s) passing a preceding obstructed runner, as in 8-4-3b Penalty c , is not out.

As worded, that is a pitiful rule. Then again, I'm not a big fan of ASA's interpretation.