Will someone please a quick rundown for this rule.

When the player is on or off the base and if the ball has or has not passed a fielder.

I keep confusing the rule.

Thanks in advance!

Runner off the base
If struck a by fair batted ball before it passes an infielder with the exception of the pitcher, or if the ball has passed an infielder and another feilder has a possible play the runner is Out

Runner on base
Runner is not out and depending on were the fielders are and if there is the possibility of a play the ball is live or dead.

Speaking ASA.

First, the batted ball must be untouched.
Second, the underlined part is incorrect. The rule reads Not possilble play ... opportunity to make an out. Stronger standard. The rule is 8-7-K. Notice in the rule, the batted ball is untouched. A deflected batted ball is a different rule (8-8-F)

ASA and NSA are different if the runner is hit while in contact with the base. In ASA, the ball is live if the nearest fielder is in front of the runner, dead if behind. In NSA, the ball is dead in either case.

What is the result?

Case from last night - R1 on 2nd, R2 on 1st - R2 is hit with batted ground ball before F3 has play. F3 was in position to catch and had opportunity to make out. What happens to R1, R2, and BR?

R2 is out (interference). R1 returns to last base legally touched at the time of the interference (2nd), BR is awarded 1st (scored a fielders choice, give F3 the putout).