Redding has a list called "Major clock stoppers":
1) Period ends
2)Charged/TV T.O.
3)Ball out of bounds
4)Fwd pass legal/illegal incomplete
5)New series awarded to B
6)New series after a legal kick
7) Score or TB
8)Attempt to consume time illegally
9)DOG
If ANY of the above occur during the down, regardless if other reasons to stop the clock (penalty) happen...the clock will start on the snap.
If you memorize the major clock stoppers you cant go wrong.