Correct that error
 

A1 is fouled (7th team foul on team B) and team A is incorrectly awarded a throw-in instead of a merited free throw. Team A in-bounds the ball and scores. An official then recognizes the error.

How is the error corrected?

That depends. When was the error discovered? ;)

Peace

The error was discovered when the ball remained dead immediately after the scored goal.

The goal is good. A1 is put on the FT line for his 1-1 with the lane cleared.
Whatever the result of his FTs, the game will resume at the POI, which is an endline (running priv) throw-in for Team B.

Yes, Team A could get four (or five, if the goal was a 3pt shot) points on a single trip.

It is within time frame so this is a correctable error and falls under the rules of 2-10.

Peace

You Are Correct ...
 

Play on from the throw-in for team B (FIBA).

Ciao