Obstruction/interference on batted ball

[tibear]

Hi Guys,

I know we talked about this a little while ago but I forget what the general consensus was.

Here is a question from a website:

Runner on first…no outs. The batter smashes a line drive back up the middle…the pitcher stabs at it with his glove hand but only manages to deflect it onto the ground toward second. The second baseman charges in to field the ball as the runner from first accidentally collides with him/her. The second baseman had a legitimate chance of retiring the batter-runner. WHO’ OUT?

The site called R1 out and BR placed at first.

I remember the conversation talked about playing a batted ball and the proximity of the defence after they first touched it.

Is there a general rule such as:
- desperation deflection treated as if the ball wasn't touched at all.
- bobbled by fielder and within reasonable distance (1 or maybe 2 steps) the defensive player is still protected from obstruction.
- straight error on defense, no protection and subject to be called on obstruction

OR is it always a HTBT call??

Basically when does the ball lose it "batted" status and it is changed to a "thrown or fielded" status?